TASK 6: Make Verbs Agree After Prepositional Phrase

1. Dynamite is ordinarily detonated ______ called a blasting cap.

A. a device is used

B. that a device

C. with a device

D. the use of a device

2. __________ 1900 there were some 300 bicycle factories in the United States, and they produced over a million bicycles.

A. In

B. Because in

C. It was in

D. That in

3. A thick layer of fat called blubber keeps whales warm even ______ coldest water.

A. although the

B. in the

C. the

D. of the 

4. _______________ the United States, the general movement of air masses is from west to east.

A. Across

B. To cross

C. They cross

D. It's across B. in the

5. The bark of a tree thickens__________.

A. with age

B. it gets older

C. as older

D. by age

6. A substance that is harmless to a person who has no allergies can cause mild to serious reactions in a person____________allergies.

A. has

B. which having

C. can have

D. with

7. In 1886 a number of national unions formed the American Federation of Labor ____________.

A. Samuel Gompers was its leader

B. under the leadership of Samuel Gompers

C. which, under Samuel Gompers' leadership

D. Samuel Gompers led it

8. ______________ charming shops and restaurants, Old Town is the most picturesque section of Albuquerque.

A. With its

B. Its

C. Because its

D. For its

9. One of the oldest large suspension bridges still _________ today is the George Washington Bridge between ~ewYork City and Fort Lee, New Jersey.

A. uses

B. is used

C. the use of

D. in use

10. __________ seed of a flowering plant is covered by a dense protective coat.

A. On each

B. Each

C. Each of

D. That each

TASK 5: ADVERB CLAUSES

1. ___________ they are tropical birds, parrots can live in temperate or even cold climates.

A. Despite

B. Even though

C. Nevertheless

D. But

2. Natural silk is still highly prized _______ similar artificial fabrics.

A. although is available

B. despite there are available

C. in spite of the availability of

D. even though an availability of

3. The president of the United States appoints the cabinet members, ______ appointments are subject to Senate approval.

A. their

B. with their

C. because their

D. but their

4. The prisoners were prevented from speaking to reporters because ______.

A. not wanting the story in the papers

B. the story in the papers the superintenddn did not want

C. the public to hear the story

D. the superintendent did not want the story in the papers

5. __________ towards shore, its shape is changed by its collision with the shallow sea bottom.

A. During a wave rolls

B. As a wave rolls

C. A wave rolls

D. A wave's rolling

6. ____________ are increasingly linked over long distances by electronic communications, but many of them still prefer face-to-face encounters.

A. Although people

B. Despite people

C. Today people

D. The fact that people

7. Cattle ranches are found almost ______ in Utah.

A. wherever

B. everywhere

C. overall

D. somewhere

8. If ultraviolet radiation enters the Earth's atmosphere, _____ generally blocked by the ozone concentrated in the atmosphere.

A. it

B. it is

C. so it is

D. then it

9. ________ show the relations among neurons, they do not preclude the possibility that other aspects are important.

A. Neural theories

B. A neural theory

C. Although neural theories

D. However neural theories

10. _________ together in one place, they form a community.

A. When people live

B. When people living

C. Whenever people who live

D. Whenever living people

11. _________ managed by an independent governor and board of directors, the Bank of Canada is owned by the Canadian government.

A. And yet

B. In spite of it

C. Although

D. It is

12. _______ pieces of rope are of different thickness, the weaver's knot can be used to join them.

A. Two of

B. What two

C. Two such

D. If two

13. _________ the seeds of the Kentucky coffee plant are poisonous.

A. Until they have been cooked 

B. Cooking them

C. They have been cooked

D. Cooked until

14. __________ through a prism, a beam of white light breaks into all the colors of the rainbow.

A. When shines

B. It shines

C. It is shone

D. When shone

15. ________ most people think of freezing as a relatively modern method of food preservation, it is actually one of the oldest.

A. Even

B. As though

C. However

D. Even though

16. ________  large bodies of water never freeze solid is that the sheet of ice on the surface protects the water below it from the cold air.

A. Because

B. Why do

C. The reason that

D. For the reason

17. _________ granted by the Patent Office, it becomes the inventor's property and he or she can keep it, sell it, or license it to someone else.

A. Once a patent is

B. When a patent

C. A patent, once

D. A patent, whenever it

18. Owls can hunt in total darkness ______ their remarkably keen sense of smell.

A. since

B. because of

C. the result

D. that

19. _________ most bamboo blooms every year, there are some species that flower only two or three times a century.

A. Whenever

B. That

C. While

D. However

20. ________ advertising is so widespread in the United States, it has had an enormous effect on American life.

A. Why

B. The reason

C. On account of

D. Since

PARTICIPIAL PHRASES AND APPOSITIVES

TASK 4: PARTICIPIAL PHRASES AND APPOSITIVES

1. Aerodynamics is the study of the forces ______ on an object as it moves through the atmosphere.

A. acting

B. act

C. are acting

D. acted

2. ______for their strong fiber include flax and hemp.

A. Plants are grown

B. Plants grown

C. Plants that grow

D. To grow plants

3. Elfreth's Alley in Philadelphia is the oldest residential street in the United States, with ______ from 1728.

A. houses are dated

B. the dates of the houses

C. the dating of houses

D. houses dating

4. In 1821 the city of Indianapolis, Indiana, was laid out in a design ______ after that of Washington, D.C.

A. patterned

B. was patterned

C. a pattern

D. that patterned

5. The Massachusetts State House, ___________ in 1798, was the most distinguished building in the United States at that time.

A. completing

B. which was completed

C. was completed

D. to be completed

6. The solitary scientist ______ by himse1fhas in many instances been replaced by a cooperative scientific team.

A. to make important discoveries

B. important discoveries were made

C. has made important discoveries

D. making important discoveries

7. Geometry is the branch of mathematics ______ the properties of lines, curves, shapes, and surfaces.

A. that concerned with

B. it is concerned with

C. concerned with

D. its concerns are

8. ______an average of 471 inches of rain a year, Mount Waialeale in Hawaii is the wettest spot in the world.

A. It receives

B. Receiving

C. To receive

D. Receive

9. Amber is a hard, yellowish-brown __________from the resin of pine trees that lived millions of years ago.

A. substance formed

B. to form a substance

C. substance has formed

D. forming a substance

10.  ____________ relations with friends and acquaintances, playa major role in the social development of adolescents.

A. What are called peer group relations are

B. Peer group relations are

C. Peer group relations, the

D. By peer group relations, we mean

11. Ruth St. Dennis turned to Asian dances to find inspiration for her choreography.

A. It was the dancer

B. The dancer

C. That the dancer

D. The dancer was

12.  The organs of taste are the ____________ which are mainly located on the tongue.

A. groups of cells, are taste buds

B. taste buds, are groups of cells

C. taste buds, these are groups of cells

D. taste buds, groups of cells

13.  In 1878 Frederick W Taylor invented a concept called scientific management, ______ of obtaining as much efficiency from workers and machines as possible.

A. it is a method

B. a method which

C. a method

D. called a method

14.  In physics, _________ "plasma" refers to a gas which has a nearly equal number of positively and negatively charged particles.

A. the term

B. by the term

C. is termed

D. terming

15.  Jerome Kern's most famous work is Showboat, ______ most enduring musical comedies.

A. it is one of the finest,

B. one of the finest,

C. the finest one

D. as the finest of the

16.  _________ a marshland that covers over 750 square miles in North Carolina and Virginia.

A. In the Great Dismal Swamp,

B. The Great Dismal Swamp, which

C. The Great Dismal Swamp,

D. The Great Dismal Swamp is

17.  A group of Shakers, ___________settled around Pleasant Hill, Kentucky, in 1805.

A. members of a strict religious sect which

B. whose members of a strict religious sect

C. members of a strict religious sect,

D. were members of a strict religious sect

18.  In 1791 Quebec was divided into two sections, Upper Canada and Lower Canada, ____ were ruled by elected assemblies.

A. they both

B. both of them

C. in which both

D. both of which

19.  Although blood ______ in urine and stool samples, it cannot always be detected without the aid of a microscope.

A. lets residue

B. leaves residue

C. residues

D. making residue

20.  Judge Francis Hopkinson is probably best known as a signer of the Declaration of Independence, but he also excelled as a poet, _______________, and an orator.

A. as a musician

B. by playing music

C. a musician

D. he played music

INCOMPLETE INDEPENDENT CLAUSES PART 3

TASK 3: INCOMPLETE INDEPENDENT CLAUSES PART 3

Directions: Retype the following sentences and choose the one option-(A), (B), (C), or (D)-that correctly completes the sentences.

1. When bats are at rest, ______ hang upside-down.

(A) they

(B) and

(C) to

(D) as

Answer: A

2. _________ that the capital of South Carolina was moved from Charleston to Columbia.

(A) In 1790 was

(B) There was in 1790

(C) In 1790

(D) It was in 1790

Answer: D

3. Although not as important as they once were, ______ a major form of transportation in North America.

(A) there are still railroads

(B) railroads, which are still

(C) railroads are still

(D) railroads still being

Answer: C

4. The Loop, which is the commercial heart of Chicago, ______ within a rectangular loop of elevated train tracks.

(A) that is enclosed

(B) enclosing it

(C) is enclosed

(D) enclosed

Answer: C

5. ________ amino acids that serve as the basic building blocks of all proteins.

(A) About twenty

(B) For about twenty of

(C) About twenty are

(D) There are about twenty

Answer: D

6. If a person does not have an attorney, the court _______ one.

(A) will appoint

(B) appointed

(C) would appoint

(D) appointing

Answer: C

7. _________ the eight Ivy League schools are among the most prestigious colleges in the United States.

(A) It is generally accepted that

(B) That it is accepted

(C) Accepting that it is

(D) That is accepted

Answer: A

8. On the average, a healthy heart _________ to pump five tablespoons of blood with every beat.

(A) must

(B) ought

(C) can

(D) should

Answer: C

9. In general, by the second year of production, the price of a new piece of technology significantly.

(A) will decreased

(B) has decreased

(C) will have decreased

(D) will has decreased

Answer: A

10. If gasoline vapor with air, combustion will occur.

(A) Mixed

(B) had mixed

(C) mixes

(D) mixture

Answer: C

INCOMPLETE INDEPENDENT CLAUSES PART 2

TASK 2: INCOMPLETE INDEPENDENT CLAUSES PART 2

Directions: Retype the following sentences and choose the one option-(A), (B), (C), or (D)-that correctly completes the sentences.

1. ________ by cosmic rays.

(A) The earth is constantly bombarded

(B) Bombarded constantly, the earth

(C) Bombarding the earth constantly

(D) The earth's constant bombardment

Answer: A

2. ________ primary colors are red, blue, and yellow.

(A) There are three

(B) The three

(C) Three of them

(D) That the three

Answer: B

3. ______who was elected the first woman mayor of Chicago in 1979.

(A) It was Jane Byrne

(B) Jane Byrne

(C) That Jane Byrne

(D) When Jane Byrne

Answer: B

4. Every computer consists of a number of systems ______ together.

(A) by working

(B) work

(C) they work

(D) that work

Answer: D

5. On the Moon, ______ air because the Moon's gravitational field is too weak to retain an atmosphere.

(A) there is no

(B) where no

(C) no

(D) is no

Answer: A

6. The Glass Mountains of northwestern Oklahoma ______ with flecks of gypsum, which shine in the sunlight.

(A) they are covered

(B) covered them

(C) that are covered

(D) are covered

Answer: D

7. In some cases, ______ to decide if an organism is a plant or an animal.

(A) difficult if

(B) it is difficult

(C) the difficulty

(D) is difficult

Answer: B

8. The first American novelist to have a major impact on world literature _____.

(A) who was James Fenimore Cooper

(B) James Fenimore Cooper was

(C) it was James Fenimore Cooper

(D) was James Fenimore Cooper

Answer: D

9. _________ important railroad tunnel in the United States was cut through the Hoosac Mountains in Massachusetts.

(A) At first

(B) It was the first

(C) The first

(D) As the first of

Answer: C

10. Generally, in the valleys and foothills of the Pacific Coast ranges.

(A) the California poppy grown

(B) the growth of the California poppy

(C) the California poppy grows

(D) growing the California poppy

Answer: B